The cross ended and judged the old and then began the new; it fulfilled the shadows and ushered in the eternal age of spiritual substance. The first was divided from the second, flesh was...

1. First and Second Century Church Christology Affirmed Jesus as divine and human, though formal definitions (e.g., Nicaea, Chalcedon) were later. Early writings (e.g., Ignatius, Justin Martyr) emphasize Christ as the incarnate Logos, Son...